精萘的化学性质主要包括以下几个方面：

　　The chemical properties of refined naphthalene mainly include the following aspects:

　　一、基本物理性质

　　1、 Basic physical properties

　　外观：白色易挥发晶体，有温和芳香气味（粗萘则有煤焦油臭味）。

　　Appearance: White volatile crystals with a mild aromatic odor (crude naphthalene has a coal tar odor).

　　熔点：80.1℃

　　Melting point: 80.1 ℃

　　沸点：217.9℃

　　Boiling point: 217.9 ℃

　　蒸汽压：0.13kPa/52.6℃

　　Steam pressure: 0.13kPa/52.6 ℃

　　闪点：80℃

　　Flash point: 80 ℃

　　溶解性：不溶于水，但溶于无水乙醇、醚、苯等有机溶剂。

　　Solubility: Insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as anhydrous ethanol, ether, benzene, etc.

　　密度：相对密度（水=1）为1.16，相对密度（空气=1）为4.42。

　　Density: The relative density (water=1) is 1.16, and the relative density (air=1) is 4.42.

　　二、化学稳定性

　　2、 Chemical stability

　　精萘在常温常压下性质稳定，不易发生化学反应。

　　Naphthalene is stable at room temperature and pressure, and is not prone to chemical reactions.

　　三、纯度与杂质

　　3、 Purity and impurities

　　精萘的纯度极高，通常含萘量超过98.45%，且结晶点不低于79.3℃。

　　The purity of refined naphthalene is extremely high, usually containing over 98.45% naphthalene, and the crystallization point is not lower than 79.3 ℃.

　　工业萘进一步提纯脱除杂质及脱硫后，可得到高纯度的精萘。工业萘中含杂质硫茚（1-3%）、甲基萘（1-2%）及少量茚、焦油碱和焦油酸，经过进一步酸洗和蒸馏，可得到硫含量小于0.1%、凝固点为79℃的精萘。

　　After further purification and desulfurization of industrial naphthalene, high-purity refined naphthalene can be obtained. Industrial naphthalene contains impurities such as sulfur indene (1-3%), methyl naphthalene (1-2%), and small amounts of indene, tar base, and coke oil acid. After further acid washing and distillation, refined naphthalene with a sulfur content of less than 0.1% and a freezing point of 79 ℃ can be obtained.

　　四、反应活性

　　4、 Reactive activity

　　精萘作为工业上最重要的稠环芳烃之一，是多种化学反应的理想原料。例如，在染料制造业中，精萘是生产染料中间体的关键原料。

　　Naphthalene, as one of the most important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industry, is an ideal raw material for various chemical reactions. For example, in the dye manufacturing industry, refined naphthalene is a key raw material for producing dye intermediates.

　　精萘遇明火、高热可燃，燃烧时放出有毒的刺激性烟雾。与强氧化剂如铬酸酐、氯酸盐和高锰酸钾等接触，能发生强烈反应，引起燃烧或爆炸。

　　Naphthalene is flammable when exposed to open flames and high heat, and releases toxic and irritating smoke when burned. Contact with strong oxidants such as chromic anhydride, chlorate, and potassium permanganate can cause strong reactions, leading to combustion or explosion.

　　五、毒性

　　5、 Toxicity

　　精萘属低毒类，但具有刺激作用，高浓度时可致溶血性贫血及肝、肾损害。

　　Naphthalene belongs to the low toxicity category, but it has a stimulating effect. At high concentrations, it can cause hemolytic anemia and liver and kidney damage.

　　急性中毒：吸入高浓度萘蒸气或粉尘时，可出现眼及呼吸道刺激、角膜混浊、头痛、恶心、呕吐、食欲减退、腰痛、尿频、尿中出现蛋白及红白细胞等症状。亦可发生视神经炎和视网膜炎，重者可发生中毒性脑病和肝损害。

　　Acute poisoning: When inhaling high concentrations of naphthalene vapor or dust, symptoms such as eye and respiratory irritation, corneal opacity, headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, lower back pain, frequent urination, protein and red and white cells in urine may occur. Optic neuritis and retinitis can also occur, and in severe cases, toxic encephalopathy and liver damage can occur.

　　口服中毒主要引起溶血和肝、肾损害，甚至发生急性肾功能衰竭和肝坏死。

　　Oral poisoning mainly causes hemolysis and liver and kidney damage, and even acute renal failure and liver necrosis.

　　慢性中毒：反复接触萘蒸气，可引起头痛、乏力、恶心、呕吐和血液系统损害，可引起白内障、视神经炎和视网膜病变，皮肤接触可引起皮炎。

　　Chronic poisoning: Repeated exposure to naphthalene vapor can cause headaches, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and damage to the blood system. It can also cause cataracts, optic neuritis, and retinopathy. Skin contact can cause dermatitis.

　　综上所述，精萘具有独特的物理和化学性质，是多种化学反应的理想原料，在染料制造、医药等领域有广泛应用。然而，其也具有一定的毒性和危险性，因此在使用和储存时需要严格遵守相关安全规定和操作规程。

　　In summary, refined naphthalene has unique physical and chemical properties and is an ideal raw material for various chemical reactions. It has a wide range of applications in dye manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and other fields. However, it also has certain toxicity and danger, so it is necessary to strictly comply with relevant safety regulations and operating procedures when using and storing it.

　　本文由 精萘厂家 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.jnjdbc.cn   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the manufacturer of refined naphthalene For more related knowledge, please click http://www.jnjdbc.cn Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.