精萘是一种有机化合物，是最简单的稠环芳烃，分子式为C10H8，是由2个苯环共用2个相邻碳原子稠合而成。无色，有毒，易升华并有特殊气味的片状晶体。从炼焦的副产品煤焦油和石油蒸馏中大量生产，主要用于合成邻苯二甲酸酐等。

Refined naphthalene is an organic compound, the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, with a molecular formula of C10H8. It is formed by the condensation of two adjacent carbon atoms shared by two benzene rings. Colorless, toxic, easily sublimated, and has a special odor as a sheet-like crystal. It is produced in large quantities from coal tar and petroleum distillation as by-products of coking, mainly used for synthesizing phthalic anhydride, etc.

性质与稳定性：

Nature and stability:

1、在乙酸溶液中用氧化铬进行氧化，生成α-萘醌。加氢生成四氢化萘，进一步加氢则生成十氢化萘。在氯化铁催化下，将氯气通入萘的苯溶液中，主要得到α-氯萘。光照下与氯作用则生成四氯萘。

1. Oxidize with chromium oxide in acetic acid solution to generate α- Naphthoquinone. Hydrogenation produces tetrahydronaphthalene, and further hydrogenation produces decahydronaphthalene. Under the catalysis of ferric chloride, introducing chlorine gas into a benzene solution of naphthalene mainly yields α- Chloronaphthalene. Under light, it reacts with chlorine to form tetrachloronaphthalene.

萘的硝化比苯容易，常温下即可进行，主要产物是α-硝基萘。萘的磺化产物和温度有关，低温得到α-萘磺酸，较高的温度下，主要得到β-萘磺酸。

The nitration of naphthalene is easier than that of benzene and can be carried out at room temperature. The main product is α- Nitronaphthalene. The sulfonation products of naphthalene are temperature dependent and can be obtained at low temperatures α- Naphthalenesulfonic acid, at higher temperatures, mainly yields β- Naphthalenesulfonic acid.

2、萘的水溶性较小，而且不易被吸收，故其毒性不太强。吸入浓的萘蒸气或萘粉末时，能促使人呕吐，不适，头痛。

2. Naphthalene has low water solubility and is not easily absorbed, so its toxicity is not very strong. Inhaling concentrated naphthalene vapor or naphthalene powder can cause vomiting, discomfort, and headaches.

生产设备及容器应密闭，防止蒸气粉末外逸，操作现场强制通风。若发生中毒现象，要立即移至新鲜空气处，多饮热水，使之呕吐，进行人工呼吸，严重者送医院治疗。

Production equipment and containers should be sealed to prevent the escape of steam powder, and the operation site should be forcibly ventilated. If poisoning occurs, immediately move to fresh air, drink plenty of hot water to induce vomiting, undergo artificial respiration, and in severe cases, seek medical treatment.

3、稳定性：稳定。

3. Stability: Stable.

4、禁配物：强氧化剂（如铬酸酐、氯酸盐和高锰酸钾等）。

4. Prohibited substances: Strong oxidants (such as chromic anhydride, chlorate, and potassium permanganate).

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